AIM- To create a 3 Dimensional model of the residential building with a rendered view.
INTRODUCTION-
Wall-
- A wall is a structure and a surface that defines an area, carries a load, provides security, shelter, or soundproofing or, is decorative.
- The purposes of walls in buildings are to support roofs, floors and ceilings, to enclose a space as part of the building envelope along with a roof to give buildings form and to provide shelter and security.
- In addition, the wall may house various types of utilities such as electrical wiring or plumbing.
- Wall construction falls into two basic categories: framed walls or mass-walls.
- Walls may or may not be loadbearing. Walls are required to conform to the local local building and/or fire codes.
- Building walls frequently become works of art, externally and internally.
Staircase-
- A stair, or a stairstep, is one step in a flight of stairs.
- In buildings, stairs is a term applied to a complete flight of steps between two floors.
- A stair flight is a run of stairs or steps between landings.
- A staircase or stairway is one or more flights of stairs leading from one floor to another, and includes landings, newel posts, handrails, balustrades and additional parts.
- Stairs may be in a straight run leading from one floor to another without a turn or change in direction.
- Stairs may change direction, commonly by two straight flights connected at a 90 degree angle landing.
- Stairs may also return onto themselves with 180 degree angle landings at each end of straight flights forming a vertical stairway commonly used in multistory and highrise buildings.
- Stairs are also provided for convenience to access floors, roofs, levels and walking surfaces not accessible by other means.
- Tread: The part of the stairway that is stepped on. It is constructed to the same thickness as any other flooring. The tread depth is measured from the back of one tread to the back of the next.
- The width is measured from one side to the other.
- Riser: The vertical portion between each tread on the stair.
- Nosing: An edge part of the tread that protrudes over the riser beneath. They provide additional length to the tread without changing the pitch of the stairs.
- The balustrade is the system of railings and balusters that prevents people from falling over the edge.
Doors and Windows-
- A window is an opening in a wall, door, roof that allows the passage of light and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes air.
- The created opening in the wall is a doorway.
- There are many kinds of doors, with different purposes. The most common type is the single leaf door.
- Doors and windows allows the passage of air and light without the risk of any intruder trespassing into the parameters and causing any harm.
- Size, material, and design of the doors and windows play an important role in the overall structure of the house and its maintenance.
AutoCAD-
- AutoCAD stands for Computer-Aided Design.
- AutoCAD is software developed by the company Autodesk.
- It allows you to draw and edit digital 2D and 3D designs more quickly and easily than you could by hand.
- This software is used for designing and drafting.
- It is used for a number of applications like creating blueprints for buildings, bridges, etc.
- AutoCAD is 2D and 3D computer aided drafting software application.
- AutoCAD software saves a huge time, saving time is equal to earn more income by more output, It is a simple enough software with the real user friendly interface, It is easy to grasp and it can provide you the basic exposure, It is very beneficial in designing 3D.
- Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply and sewage treatment.
AutoCAD 3D- Commands
- 3DMOVE: Click 3D Move in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DMOVE at the command line.
- 3DROTATE: Click 3D Rotate in the Modify panel on the Home tab, or type 3DROTATE at the command line.
- 3DSCALE: Click 3D Scale in the Modify panel, or type 3DSCALE at the command line.
- 3DALign: An improved version of the ALign command that includes additional options as well as the ability to move and rotate a copy of the selected objects and use Dynamic UCS with the command. Click 3D Align in the Modify panel on the Home tab.
- Fillet and chamfer: Because fillets and chamfers are common real-world features, it’s logical that tools for creating them are available. You can fillet or bevel the edges of a 3D solid by clicking the Fillet Edge (or Chamfer Edge) split button in the Solid Editing panel on the Solid tab.
- Shell (solidedit): Using this command you can convert a 3D solid into a hollow solid with a wall thickness. To use this command type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter type B press enter again type S and press enter again. Alternatively, you can also select the shell tool from Solid editing panel of the Solid tab.
- Surfpatch: Using this command you can fill the open areas of a surface like the top of a cylinder as shown in the animated image below.
- Moveface: Using this tool you can move faces like a groove of a 3D solid from one point to other as shown in the animated image below. For using this tool type SOLIDEDIT on the command line press enter then type F press enter then type M and press enter again.
- Surfoffset: Using this command you can offset any surface inside, outside or on both sides of the surface as shown in the animated image below.
- Extrude: This AutoCAD 3D Extrude command allows the user to create a 3D object by extruding a 2D face along a line or path. For example, A cylinder can be created by selecting a 2D circle and extruding it along with a path.
- Sweep: This command helps the user to extrude the 2D objects without the 2D face being orthogonal to the beginning of the path.
- Union: This AutoCAD 3D command allows the user to combine two objects converting them into one single object.
- Subtract: This command is opposite to the union command; this command works when there is a common area in both the objects. Then this command subtracts the object A from the object B.
- Intersect: With this AutoCAD 3D command, the user is left with the area that is common to both the objects.
- Slice: The SLice command lets you cut a 3D solid along a plane. You can slice a 3D solid by using a planar curve, such as a circle, 2D polyline, or surface, among many others. When you slice a 3D solid, you can choose which part of the 3D solid is retained, or you can keep both. This image shows a solid model that has been sliced in half.
- Thicken: Using this command you can convert a surface into a 3D solid by adding thickness to it.
- Polysolid: Using this command you can make a 3D wall-like shape as shown in the image here, you can also define height and thickness of this poly solid using command line options.
- XEDGES: You can extract edges of a 3D solid as 2D geometries using this tool. In the image shown here the XEDGES tool has been used to extract the edges of the 3D solid and then the solid geometry has been moved to reveal the edges only.
- Flatshot: This command is great for converting a 3D drawing into 2D and using this command you can also create multiple views of a single 3D drawing like the front, top and isometric on a single plane. To know more about this command follow the related article.
- Interfere: This command can be used to detect intersecting 3D solids. The command is especially useful in situations where you want to detect clashes between different solids like pipes and walls.
- 3Dface: Defines the start point for the 3D surface. After entering the first point, enter the remaining points in a natural clockwise or counterclockwise order to create a normal 3D face. If you locate all four points on the same plane, a planar face is created that is similar to a region object.
PROCEDURE-
STEP 1-
- First of all copy the drawn plan.
STEP 2-
- Now make the wall section as region and then extrude it up to height 9'2".
STEP 3-
- Now draw doors.
STEP 4-
- Now draw windows.
STEP 5-
- Now draw entrance staircase.
STEP 6-
- Now draw terrace slab.
STEP 7-
- Now draw staircase cap and parapet wall.
STEP 8-
- Now draw door and window panels.
STEP 9-
- Save 3D view of residential building.
- SE Isometric
- SW Isometric
STEP 10-
- Enter lights.
STEP 11-
- Now fix proper camera location.
STEP 12-
- 3D rendered view.
RESULT-
- 3D rendered view of residential building.